Itegeko ryemerera abakobwa b’imyaka 15 kwifatira icyemezo cyo kuboneza urubyaro rizagabanya inda ziterwa abangavu?

By Kanamugire Emmanuel

Impaka ni zose mu byiciro bitandukanye by’abantu nyuma y’aho hasohotse itegeko rigenga serivisi z’ubuvuzi, ririmo ingingo yerekeye kwemerera abana b’imyaka 15 kwifatira ibyemezo kuri serivisi z’ubuvuzi zirimo kuboneza urubyaro. Bamwe bavuga ko ari itegeko rije rikenewe, abandi bakaryamaganira kure bavuga ko rije kwangiza sosiyete nyarwanda.

Muri Kanama 2025 nibwo Inteko Ishinga Amategeko, Umutwe w’Abadepite watoye umushinga w’itegeko watowe nyuma y’impaka z’urudaca zatangiye mu 2022 maze Perezida wa Repubulika y’u Rwanda Paul Kagame awushyizeho umukono ku wa 17 Nzeri 2025 uhinduka itegeko n°026/2025 ryo ku wa 17/09/2025 rigenga serivisi z’ubuvuzi.

U Rwanda ruhanganye n’ikibazo gikomeye cy’umubare munini w’abangavu baterwa inda bamwe bakabyara inshuro zirenze imwe ndetse ababakomokaho bakaba bahura n’ibibazo bitandukanye by’ubuzima harimo n’igwingira ku gipimo cya 38% nk’uko Minisiteri y’Ubuzima ibitangaza.

Imibare yatangajwe na Minisiteri y’Uburinganire n’Iterambere ry’Umuryango, igaragaza ko mu 2024, abangavu batewe inda ari 22,454. Mu 2020 bari 19,701, mu 2021 bariyongera bagera kuri 23,111, na ho mu 2022 bagera kuri 24,472 mu gihe mu 2023 bagabanutseho gato bagera kuri 22,055.

Umuyobozi w’Umuryango Angels Umuto n’Umukuru, Akarikumutima Régine, yavuze ko iri tegeko rizafasha mu kugabanya umubare w’abangavu baterwa inda nka kimwe mu bibazo igihugu gihanganye na byo.

Ati “Twagerageje uburyo bwose kugira ngo tugabanye inda zitateguwe, ndabyibuka nshinga uyu muryango ni cyo nari ngamije. Twagerageje gushyiraho ibiganiro bitandukanye ngo abana bige ubuzima bw’imyororokere, minisiteri zakoze ibishoboka ariko uyu munsi aho kugira ngo imibare igabanuke, ikomeje kwiyongera kurushaho. Rero nibagerageze n’ubwo buryo, imiti iboneza urubyaro bayifate hanyuma bakomeze bigishwa ariko bafite n’ikindi kibafasha ku ruhande.”

Akomeza ati “Iyi miti yo kuboneza urubyaro nibayifate nk’igisubizo cya kabiri; icya mbere ni ubukangurambaga ariko uwakanguwe bikamunanira nibura yirinde arinde n’igihugu kuko iyo atubyariye umwana adashoboye kurera n’igihugu ubwacyo cyinjira mu nshingano zo kurera.”

Umuyobozi w’Umuryango Never Again Rwanda, Dr Joseph Nkurunziza Ryarasa, yavuze ko iri tegeko rifungurira abangavu imiryango igana amavuriro bahagabwa serivisi z’ubuzima bakeneye bitabaye ngombwa ko babiherwa uruhushya n’ababyeyi.

Ibi ngo bizakuraho imbogamizi zikomeye ku kubungabunga ubuzima n’uburenganzira bw’abangavu bwo kubona serivisi zo kuboneza urubyaro n’iz’ubuzima bw’imyororokere kandi byitezweho kugabanya inda zitifuzwa no gukumira ingaruka ziterwa no gukuramo inda mu buryo butizewe.

Nubwo itegeko ritaje guhita rikemura ibibazo byari bihari mu kanya nk’ako guhumbya, Dr Ryarasa yavuze ko ari intambwe ikomeye itewe.

Ati “Hamwe no gukuraho imbogamizi kuri serivisi z’ubuvuzi, abangavu baba abo mu mijyi cyangwa mu cyaro bazabasha kubona amakuru, ubujyanama na serivisi bigamije kubarinda. Ibi nibyunganirwa n’uburere butajenjetse, ubukangurambaga no kurwanya ubukene bizafatanya kuziba icyuho abasambanya abangavu bajyaga binjiriramo.”

Ingaruka z’inda ziterwa abangavu zikomeye kurusha izo gukoresha imiti yo kuboneza urubyaro

Umubyeyi witwa Mukarugwiza Alice wo mu Karere ka Rwamagana, yavuze ko aramutse amenye ko umukobwa w’imyaka 15 yafashe icyemezo cyo gukoresha imiti yo kuboneza urubyaro yamushima kurusha uko yamutera amabuye kuko “hanze aha inda zitateguwe zifite ingaruka zikomeye kuruta kuba yafata imiti imurinda.”

Ati “Itegeko riziye igihe. Ubusanzwe twigisha abana kwifata ariko igihe byanze, nakwakira ingaruka z’umuti kuruta kwakira kubona umukobwa wanjye atwite.”

Umwangavu wabyaye utuye mu Kagari ka Gishyeshye, Umurenge wa Rukoma, Akarere ka Kamonyi [tutifuje gutangaza imyirondoro ye], ni umwe mu bahamya ko iri tegeko ryitezeho umusanzu mu gukumira inda ziterwa abangavu. Kuri ubu yonsa umwana w’imyaka ibiri. Mu ngaruka kubyara ari muto byamugizeho harimo guhagarika ishuri.

Ati “Ntekereza ko iri tegeko rizafasha abakobwa kubona serivisi bifuza bikabarinda kubyara imburagihe kuko ribafungurira imiryango yo kuba bafashwa kwirinda gusama cyangwa gukuramo inda igihe babihisemo.”

Mugenzi we wo mu Karere ka Rwamagana yavuze ko iri tegeko iyo riza kubaho mbere y’uko abyara ryari kumufasha kubona serivisi zashoboraga kumufasha kwirinda gutwita akiri muto. Ati “Itegeko twararyishimiye, rizagabanya inda ziterwa abangavu.”

Umuyobozi w’Umuryango wita ku buzima, HDI, Dr Afrodis Kagaba, mu kiganiro aherutse kugirana na BBC, yahamije ko iri tegeko ridakuraho inshingano z’ababyeyi ku burere bw’abana babo ariko ko ari kimwe mu bizafasha mu rugamba rwo kugabanya imibare y’abangavu batwara inda ikomeje kuzamuka kandi bikabagiraho ingaruka zikomeye.

Ati “Hari igihe twumva ngo abakobwa ibihumbi 24 batwaye inda bikarangirira aho ariko muri abo harimo abata ishuri bakajya kuba abakozi bo mu rugo bagahurirayo n’ibindi bishuko bakaba batwaye inda ya kabiri, gusubira mu rugo ntibibe bigishobotse bagahinduka abicuruza ku mihanda. Itegeko rero rizatuma abana babona serivisi ndetse banigishwe bahabwe amakuru yose bifatire icyemezo.”

Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Ubuzima, Dr. Butera Yvan, yasobanuye ko ubukangurambaga bugamije kurwanya inda zitateganyijwe butatanze umusaruro bwifuzwagaho kuko umubare w’abaziterwa wakomeje kuba munini.

Agaruka ku buremere bw’ikibazo cy’inda ziterwa abangavu, yavuze ko babakomokaho bahura n’ibibazo birimo igwingira ndetse n’iby’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, bityo ko ari ngombwa ko hafatwa ingamba zibikumira.

Impungenge z’umuryango mu gihe kizaza

Nubwo hari abishimiye ko iri tegeko ari ingirakamaro, hari abagaragaza impungenge z’uko guha abakobwa bafite kuva ku myaka 15 urubuga rwo gukoresha imiti yo kiboneza urubyaro bizaba ari nko kubashumurira kwinjira mu busambanyi.

Ibyo ngo bizatuma igihugu kigira abana benshi badataha mu ngo, bagwije abagabo batari ababo nk’uko umwe mu babyeyi yabivuze. “Abana nibamara gupfa mu mutwe tuzakura he abayobozi mu gihe kizaza mu gihe amahanga yadushimaga ko u Rwanda rufite abagore benshi mu nzego zifata ibyemezo?”

Kuri Kiliziya Gatolika isanzwe itemera ko serivisi zo kuboneza urubyaro zitangirwa mu mavuriro yayo, ifite impungenge ku byo iri tegeko rizakururira umuryango nyarwanda.

Arikiyepisikopi wa Kigali, Antoine Cardinal Kambanda yagaragaje ko kwemerera umwana w’imyaka 15 kuboneza urubyaro bimuha urwaho rwo kwishora mu busambanyi, kandi ko ibyo bizatuma atakaza inshingano zo kurera mu gihe azaba ari umubyeyi.

Yagize ati “Kuboneza urubyaro ni uguha urwaho ubusambanyi. Mutekereze wa mwana watangiye kuboneza urubyaro ku myaka 15, akagera ku gushaka amaze gukuramo inda nka zingahe? Uwo azaba umubyeyi koko? Azagira urugo, atekane nk’uko bikwiye nka wa mwana warezwe neza, agakura yiyubaha, yubaha ubuzima?”

Mu gihe uyu mushinga w’itegeko wari ukigirwaho impaka Perezida Kagame yavuze ko guha abana b’imyaka 15 imiti yo kuboneza urubyaro bidatanga ubutumwa bwiza.

Yagize ati “Harimo ikintu kimeze nko kuboshya, usa n’uwabyoroheje uti ‘komeza wikorera ibyo ukora uzarindwa n’imiti, bifite ubutumwa bitanga kandi sintekereza ko ari ubutumwa bwiza.”